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Cinecittà (; Italian for ''Cinema City'') is a large film studio in Rome that is considered the hub of Italian cinema. The studios were constructed during the Fascist era as part of a scheme to revive the Italian film industry. In the 1950s, the number of international productions being made there led to Rome's being dubbed Hollywood on the Tiber. ==History== The studios were founded in 1937 by Benito Mussolini, his son Vittorio, and his head of cinema Luigi Freddi under the slogan "''Il cinema è l'arma più forte''" (Cinema is the most powerful weapon). The purpose was not only for propaganda, but also to boost the Italian feature film industry, which was in crisis at the time. Mussolini himself inaugurated the studios on April 21, 1937. Post-production units and sets were constructed and heavily used initially. Early films such as 1937's ''Scipio Africanus'' and 1941's ''The Iron Crown'' showcased the technological advancement of the studios. Seven thousand people were involved in the filming of the battle scene from ''Scipio Africanus'', and live elephants were brought in as a part of the re-enactment of the Battle of Zama.〔Bondanella, Peter. ''Italian Cinema From Neorealism to the Present''. The Continuum Publishing Company: New York, 1995. p. 19.〕 The studios were bombed by the Western Allies during the bombing of Rome in World War II. Following the war, between 1945 and 1947, the studios of Cinecittà were used as a displaced persons' camp for a period of about two years, following German occupation and Allied bombing that destroyed parts of the studio.〔A documentary, “DP Camp of Cinecittà” by Marco Bertozzi, based on research by Noa Steimatsky, had its world premier on January 30, 2012, at The Italian Cultural Institute of New York, in New York City. (http://www.iicnewyork.esteri.it/IIC_NewYork/)〕 An estimated 3,000 refugees lived there, divided into two camps: an Italian camp housing Italians as well as displaced people from colonized Libya and Dalmatia, and an international camp, including refugees from Yugoslavia, Poland, Egypt, Iran, and China.〔Steimatsky, Noa. The Cinecittà Refugee Camp (1944–1950). October Spring 2009, No. 128: 22–50.〕 After rebuilding in the postwar years, the studios were used once again for their post-production facilities. In the 1950s, Cinecittà was the filming location for several large American film productions like ''Ben-Hur'', and then became the studio most closely associated with Federico Fellini. After a period of near-bankruptcy, the Italian Government privatized Cinecittà in 1997, selling an 80% stake.〔 On August 9, 2007, a fire destroyed about 3000 m² (32,000 sq. ft.) of the Cinecittà lot and surroundings. The historic part that houses the sets of classics such as ''Ben-Hur'' were not damaged, however a good portion of the original sets from the HBO/BBC series ''Rome'' were destroyed. In July 2012 another fire damaged Teatro 5, the vast studio where Fellini filmed ''La Dolce Vita'' and ''Satyricon''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cinecittà」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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